Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-116 — CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output

CAPEC

CVSS 4.0 Score

2.1

LOW

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

Vulnerability description

URL path injection in the Microsoft Graph adapter of Swoosh. Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph builds its Microsoft Graph API request URL by interpolating the sender's email address into the URL path (/users/{from}/sendMail) without percent-encoding or validation.

In applications that derive the from address from untrusted or user-influenced input (for example a relay, a contact form, or a "send as" feature), an attacker can place URL-special characters such as /, ?, or # in the local part of the address to escape the intended path segment and rewrite the path and query string of the request. Because the same authenticated POST is sent with the application's Microsoft Graph bearer token, the attacker can redirect it to other Graph endpoints within the token's scopes and control the request's query string. Applications that always use a fixed, trusted from address are not affected.

This issue affects swoosh from 1.12.0 before 1.26.3.

Affected

pkg:hex/swoosh

Module Source File Routine
Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph lib/swoosh/adapters/ms_graph.ex Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph.deliver/2
Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph.api_endpoint_url/2
Status Type Version Changes / Fixed in
affected semver ⓘ 1.12.0 < 1.26.3

pkg:github/swoosh/swoosh

Module Source File Routine
Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph lib/swoosh/adapters/ms_graph.ex Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph.deliver/2
Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph.api_endpoint_url/2
Status Type Version Changes / Fixed in
affected git ⓘ 23bfcdab71 < e38235453e

Configurations

This vulnerability only affects applications that use Swoosh.Adapters.MsGraph and derive the email from address from untrusted or user-influenced input (for example a relay, a contact form, or a "send as" feature). Applications that always send with a fixed, trusted from address are not affected.

Workarounds

Validate or reject sender addresses that contain characters outside the allowed RFC 5321 set (in particular /, ?, #, and ..) before passing the email to the adapter. Alternatively, set a static :url in the adapter configuration, which bypasses interpolation of the from address into the request path.

References

Credits

  • Finder: Peter Ullrich
  • Remediation developer: Po Chen
  • Analyst: Jonatan Männchen

CVE record as JSON:  GET /cves/CVE-2026-54893.json
OSV record as JSON:  GET /osv/EEF-CVE-2026-54893.json